From the photo, it looks like the adapter has a conventional USB series-A plug and a socket for the device. I will assume that the two contacts you mention are in the socket (and on the device).
Besides the data lines, every USB device must have a connection to the VBUS and GND lines so it can detect attachment.
So I'm wondering if the socket and/or plug have USB intelligence built into them. In other words, circuits inside the socket or plug manage the USB communications using data from the device. In that case, you would need to duplicate that functionality by programming a USB controller that connects to the device.
Maybe the two contacts just detect the device's presence and the adapter uses wireless to communicate with the device.
Without a device to look at, it's hard to say. But in any case, I think you would need much more than some wires and a resistor.