To change the report descriptors, the host would need to re-enumerate the device. However, Windows has been known to "remember" the previous descriptors for a device so re-enumerating wouldn't help.
Better to use the maximum value the HID will need in any situation. If you need to send additional information, for example, "ignore values > 10" or whatever, you can do that in a separate vendor-defined report item or even a separate report.
Jan